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The architecture of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador has a style distinct from that of the rest of Canada, and its major buildings are remnants of its history and prestige as the first British colonial capital. The city of St. John's has had a long history, with inhabitation dating to the 16th century onwards. As the city grew, so, too, did the landscape. Buildings took a variety of styles according to the styles and means available to build the structures. Starting as a fishing outpost for European fishermen, St. John's consisted mostly of the homes of fishermen, sheds, storage shacks, and wharves. Of course, these structures were small and constructed out of wood. Like many other cities of the time, as the Industrial Revolution took hold and new methods and materials for construction were introduced, the landscape changed as the city grew in width and height. The Great Fire of 1892 destroyed most of the downtown core, and most residential and other wood-frame buildings date from this period. Often compared to San Francisco because of its hilly terrain and steep maze of residential streets, housing in St. John's is typically painted in bright colours, unlike most other parts of Canada. Due to St. John's being the oldest English settlement in North America to have grown into a city, many of its buildings have been designated by either the Minister of the Environment (upon the recommendations of the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada) or the Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador as historic places. As of 2012, St. John's contains 21 National Historic Sites of Canada. ==Prior to 1820== Although St. John's has been inhabited since the 16th century, there remain very few buildings constructed before 1820. Starting in 1764 the Governor of Newfoundland, Hugh Palliser imposed restrictions on the construction of homes in St. John's to discourage permanent settlement. These restrictions remained in place until 1820. Most of the buildings built during this period were small, single story wooden homes and buildings related to the fishery. The most common form of residential building in this period was a one-and-a-half or two-and-a-half story wooden house with a hip roof. One notable building that survives from this period was Anderson House. Located at the base of Signal Hill, it was originally built as a military barracks in 1804 and is likely the oldest surviving building in St. John's.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/rhs/rs_listing/136.html )〕 Two other examples of buildings of the same style are Mallard Cottage〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/rhs/rs_listing/119.html )〕 and Martin McNamara House.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/rhs/rs_listing/120.html )〕 The dates of construction for these two buildings are unknown but they were likely constructed around the same time as Anderson House. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Architecture of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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